Give me one solid reason not to, I can't think of any.

he dindu nuffin

ebin

fuck niggers

psy, make sure this thread isn't moved or locked by these faggot liberal mods

no more should we stand idly by while the mods lock our threads and defile our deci memes, we must revolt against this tyranny, as it is the duty of all good Americans to stand up and fight for what they believe in. They cannot ban us, this forum is already dead as it is, for the sake of all decis, revolt.

niggers

Stay Away, Joe  From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

[size=125%][/size][size=110%]Stay Away, Joe[/size][/size][/size] [size=90%][size=125%][size=110%][/size][size=125%][/size]

[size=90%] [/size][size=95%]Theatrical release poster by Robert McGinnis[/size]

[size=90%] Directed by[/t] Peter Tewksbury  [/size] [size=90%] Produced by[/t] Douglas Laurence  [/size] [size=90%] Written by[/t]   [/size] [size=90%]Michael A. Hoey[/size] [size=90%]Burt Kennedy (uncredited)[/size] [size=90%] Based on[/t] Stay Away, Joe  by Dan Cushman  [/size] [size=90%] Starring[/t]   [/size] [size=90%]Elvis Presley[/size] [size=90%]Katy Jurado[/size] [size=90%]Joan Blondell[/size] [size=90%]Burgess Meredith[/size] [size=90%] Music by[/t] Jack Marshall  [/size] [size=90%] Cinematography[/t] Fred J. Koenekamp  [/size] [size=90%] Edited by[/t] George W. Brooks  [/size] [size=90%]  Production  company [/t]  Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer   [/size] [size=90%] Distributed by[/t] Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer  [/size] [size=90%]  Release date [/t]   [/size] [size=90%]March 8, 1968 (USA)[/size] [size=90%]  Running time [/t] 102 minutes  [/size] [size=90%] Country[/t] United States  [/size] [size=90%] Language[/t] English  [/size] [size=90%] Box office[/t] $1,500,000 (US/ Canada)[1]  [/size] Stay Away, Joe is a 1968 Western-comedy film, with musical interludes, set in modern times and starring Elvis Presley, Burgess Meredith, Katy Jurado and Joan Blondell. The film was based on the 1953 novel by Dan Cushman, a satirical farce. The film reached number 65 on the Variety weekly national box office chart in 1968.    Contents 1 Plot 2 Cast 3 Production 4 Soundtrack 4.1 Personnel 4.2 Film music track listing 5 References 6 External links   PlotElvis Presley stars as Native American rodeo rider Joe Lightcloud, a Navajo whose family still lives on the reservation. He returns to the reservation in a white Cadillac convertible with which he proceeds to drive cattle. Joe persuades his Congressman (Douglas Henderson) to give him 20 heifers and a prize bull so he and his father (Burgess Meredith) can prove that the Navajos can successfully raise cattle on the reservation. If their experiment is successful, then the government will help all the Navajo people. But Joe's friend, Bronc Hoverty (L.Q. Jones) accidentally barbecues the prize bull, while Joe sells the heifers to buy plumbing and other home improvements for his stepmother, Annie Lightcloud (Katy Jurado). Joe is able to borrow a bull, Dominick, but the bull is lackadaisical and shows no interest in the heifers. Mamie Callahan (Quentin Dean), the daughter of shot gun-toting tavern owner Glenda Callahan (Joan Blondell) can't seem to stay away from the girl-chasing Joe. Joe also trades in his horse at a used car dealership for a red convertible automobile from which he sells the parts off to obtain cash from a salvage yard. After almost all of the usable car parts are sold, he rides around in a beat-up motorcycle. In order to raise money, Joe organizes a contest in which riders have to stay on Dominick, the unresponsive bull he procured from his friend as a replacement. In addition, Joe himself has to ride Dominick and stay on in order to win the prize money. Joe wins the contest and receives the prize money. In a fight at his father's house, Joe and his friends are involved in a large fight that destroys the house they have been building.  Cast Elvis Presley as Joe Lightcloud Burgess Meredith as Charlie Lightcloud Joan Blondell as Glenda Callahan Katy Jurado as Annie Lightcloud Thomas Gomez as Grandpa Henry Jones as Hy Slager L.Q. Jones as Bronc Hoverty Quentin Dean as Mamie Callahan Douglas Henderson as Congressman Morrissey Dick Wilson as Car Salesman Joe Esposito as (uncredited) Charlie Hodge as (uncredited) Guitar player ProductionBurt Kennedy was originally announced as director.[2] Elvis was paid $850,000 plus 40% of the profits.[3] The screenplay was adapted from the failed Broadway musical Whoop-Up, and retained many of the same plot devices and characters, including Joe's grandfather who refuses to live in a house, preferring his ancestral teepee.  SoundtrackFor the first time since Wild in the Country, neither an LP album nor and extended play single was planned for a Presley film soundtrack. Three songs were written for the film by the stalwart team of Sid Wayne and Ben Weisman, who had already contributed close to 50 songs for various Elvis movies in the decade.[4] Although released before Speedway, this film and its soundtrack were made after, the first of Presley's last five films in the 1960s where musical numbers were kept to a minimum.[5] The recording session took place at RCA Studio B in Nashville, Tennessee, on October 1, 1967. At the end of this session, Presley made his record producer Felton Jarvis promise never to release the song written for him to sing to a bull in the movie, "Dominick." However, the song is actually sung to two women in the movie, and the bull is nowhere to be found throughout the entire song, making a rather strange scene.[5] "Dominick" would eventually make its first official CD apperarance on the Kissin Cousins/Clambake/Stay Away, Joe soundtrack compilation in 1994 (long after the deaths of Presley and Jarvis); it had previously been released, unauthorized, as “Dominick the Impotent Bull” on the 1982 bootleg compilation Elvis' Greatest S…. The other two songs, "Stay Away, Joe" and "All I Needed Was the Rain," wouldn't even be featured on a promotional single for the film premiere, but instead respectively appeared on the budget albums Let's Be Friends in 1970 and Elvis Sings Flaming Star in 1969. Two additional songs related to the film were recorded at sessions on January 10 and 11, 1968, at the same studio. "Goin' Home" by Joy Byers would not be used, surfacing on the soundtrack to the next movie, while a different song entitled "Stay Away" rewritten from the tune of "Greensleeves" by Sid Tepper and Roy C. Bennett would appear as the b-side to the #28 hit single "U.S. Male."[6] Released as catalogue item 47-9465b on February 28, 1968, the B-side "Stay Away" would peak at #68 on the Billboard Hot 100 independently of "U.S. Male."[7] The producer in charge of the recordings for MGM was Jeff Alexander.[8]  Personnel Elvis Presley – vocals The Jordanaires – backing vocals Pete Drake – pedal steel guitar Scotty Moore, Chip Young - electric guitar Charlie Hodge - acoustic guitar Charlie McCoy – organ, harmonica Hoyt Hawkins - organ Floyd Cramer – piano Bob Moore – double bass D.J. Fontana, Buddy Harman – drums Film music track listing "Stay Away" (Sid Tepper and Roy C. Bennett) (melody taken from "Greensleeves)"- heard over opening credits "Stay Away, Joe" (Sid Wayne and Ben Weisman) "All I Needed Was the Rain" (Sid Wayne and Ben Weisman) "Dominick" (Sid Wayne and Ben Weisman) References "Big Rental Films of 1968" in Variety, 8 January 1969, p. 15. Please note this figure is a rental accruing to distributors. Jorgensen, op. cit., p. 239.   External links Stay Away, Joe at the Internet Movie Database Stay Away, Joe at the TCM Movie Database Elvis - The Hollywood Collection (Kissin' Cousins/Girl Happy/Tickle Me/Stay Away, Joe/Live a Little, Love a Little/Charro!) Review by Stuart Galbraith IV at DVD Talk, September 11, 2007.   [show]  v t e   [size=114%]Elvis Presley[/size] [/l][/l][/t]      [show]  v t e   [size=114%]Films directed by Peter Tewksbury[/size]    Categories: 1968 films English-language films 1960s musical films Western (genre) comedy films Films directed by Peter Tewksbury Films based on Western (genre) novels Films based on American novels Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer films     Navigation menu    Not logged in Talk Contributions Create account Log in     Article Talk       Read Edit View history     Search        Main page Contents Featured content Current events Random article Donate to Wikipedia Wikipedia store     Interaction  Help About Wikipedia Community portal Recent changes Contact page     Tools  What links here Related changes Upload file Special pages Permanent link Page information Wikidata item Cite this page     Print/export  Create a book Download as PDF Printable version     Languages  Dansk Eesti Polski Português Русский Edit links               This page was last modified on 11 January 2017, at 05:51. Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply.  By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization. Privacy policy About Wikipedia Disclaimers Contact Wikipedia Developers Cookie statement Mobile view                                              [li] Eva Renzie in 'Pink Jungle' Martin, Betty. Los Angeles Times (1923-Current File) [Los Angeles, Calif] 28 June 1967: e11. Michael A. Hoey, Elvis' Favorite Director: The Amazing 52-Film Career of Norman Taurog, Bear Manor Media 2013 Jorgensen, Ernst. Elvis Presley A Life in Music: The Complete Recording Sessions. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1998; p. 239. Jorgensen, op. cit., pp. 229, 239. Jorgensen, op. cit., pp. 241-242. Jorgensen, op. cit., p. 418.

[/td][/tr][/table]

http://www.inquisitr.com/3848710/richard-mackmachowicz-of-future-weapons-dies-after-battle-with-cancer/

Or is it heat that makes something dry?

I can hear your mangina queefing from all the way over here. Fucking try me, faggot

sep7agon

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        Kamchatka Peninsula

        From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia



        "Kamchatka" redirects here. For other uses, see Kamchatka (disambiguation).[/size]Kamchatka Peninsula[/font][/size]
        полуо́стров Камча́тка[/font][/size]

        Kamchatka Peninsula in the far east of Russia. The pink area is the Kamchatka Krai which includes some of the mainland to the north.[/size][/font][/size]
        Geography
        Location[/t]Far East[/color]
        Coordinates[/t]57°N 160°E[/font][/size][/color]
        Coordinates: 57°N 160°E[/size][/size][/size][/font][/size]
        Area[/t]270,000 km2 (100,000 sq mi)[/color]
        Highest elevation[/t]4,750 m (15,580 ft)[/color]
        Highest point[/t]Klyuchevskaya Sopka[/color]
        Sovereign states

        Russia[/b][/size][/font][/size]
        Federal subject[/t]Kamchatka Krai[/color]Geography

[edit][/font][/size][/font]

Topography of the Kamchatka Peninsula





Views of Kamchatka from space in early summer (left) and late winter (right). Note the sea ice paralleling the coastline.Politically, the peninsula forms part of Kamchatka Krai. The southern tip is called Cape Lopatka. The circular bay to the north of this on the Pacific side is Avacha Bay with the capital, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. North up the Pacific side, the four peninsulas are called Shipunsky Point, Kronotsky Point, Kamchatsky Point and Ozernoy Point. North of Ozernoy is the large Karaginsky Bay, which features Karaginsky Island. Northeast of this (off the displayed map) lies Korfa Bay with the town of Tilichiki. On the opposite side is the Shelikhov Gulf.
The Kamchatka or Central (Sredinny) Range forms the spine of the peninsula. Along the southeast coast runs the Vostochny or Eastern Range. Between these lies the central valley. The Kamchatka River rises northwest of Avacha and flows north down the central valley, turning east near Klyuchi to enter the Pacific south of Kamchatsky Point at Ust-Kamchatsk. In the nineteenth century a trail led west from near Klychi over the mountains to the Tegil river and town which was the main trading post on the west coast. North of Tegil is Koryak Okrug. South of the Tegil is the Icha River. Just south of the headwaters of the Kamchatka, the Bistraya River curves southwest to enter the Sea of Okhotsk at Bolsheretsk, which once served as a port connecting the peninsula to Okhotsk. South of the Bistraya flows the Golygina River.
There is a road from Bolsheretsk to Petropavlovsk and another from this road up the central valley (with a bus service) to Ust-Kamchatsk. The northern end of the road is of poorer quality. Apart from the two roads, transport is by small plane, helicopter, four-wheel drive truck and army truck.
The obvious circular area in the central valley is the Klyuchevskaya Sopka, an isolated volcanic group southeast of the curve of the Kamchatka River. West of Kronotsky Point is theKronotsky Biosphere Reserve with the Valley of Geysers. At the southern tip is the Southern Kamchatka Wildlife Refuge with Kurile Lake. There are several other protected areas: Palana is located in the Koryak area on the northwest coast.[/size]Climate[edit][/size]Although Kamchatka lies at similar latitudes to Great Britain, cold arctic winds from Siberia combined with the cold Oyashio sea current see the peninsula covered in snow from October to late May. Under the Köppen climate classification Kamchatka generally has a subarctic climate (Dfc) but higher and more northerly areas have a polar climate (ET). Kamchatka is much wetter and milder than eastern Siberia, and is essentially transitional from the hypercontinental climate of Siberia and northeast China to the rain-drenched subpolar oceanic climate of the Aleutian Islands.

Opala volcano in the southern part of Kamchatka.There is considerable variation, however, between the rain-drenched and heavily glaciated east coast and the drier and more continental interior valley. In the heavily glaciated Kronotsky Peninsula, where maritime influences are most pronounced, annual precipitation can reach as high as 2,500 millimetres (98 in), whilst the southeast coast south of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky generally receives around 1,350 millimetres (53 in) of rainfall equivalent per year. Considerable local variations exist: southern parts of the Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky metropolitan area can receive as much as 430 millimetres (17 in) more than the northern part of the city. Temperatures here are very mild, with summer maxima no higher than 15 °C (59 °F) and winter lows around −8 °C (18 °F), whilst diurnal temperature ranges seldom exceed 5˚C (9˚F) due to persistent fog on exposed parts of the coast. South of 57˚N there is no permafrost due to the relatively mild winters and heavy snow cover, whilst northward discontinuous permafrost prevails. The west coastal plain has a similar climate, though rather drier with precipitation ranging from 880 millimetres (35 in) in the south to as little as 430 millimetres (17 in) in the north, where winter temperatures become considerably colder at around −20 °C (−4 °F).[/size][/size][/size]
Capital and largest city[/t]Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky[/color]
Demographics
Population[/t]322,079The Kamchatka Peninsula ([/color]Russian: полуо́стров Камча́тка, Poluostrov Kamchatka) is a 1,250-kilometre-long (780 mi) peninsula in the Russian Far East, with an area of about 270,000 km2 (100,000 sq mi).[/color][1] It lies between the [/color]Pacific Ocean to the east and the Sea of Okhotsk to the west.[/color][2] Immediately offshore along the Pacific coast of the peninsula runs the 10,500-metre (34,400-ft) deep [/color]Kuril–Kamchatka Trench.
The Kamchatka Peninsula, the Commander Islands, and Karaginsky Island constitute the Kamchatka Krai of the Russian Federation. The vast majority of the 322,079 inhabitants are ethnic Russians, but there are also about 13,000 Koryaks (2014).[/color][3] More than half of the population lives in [/color]Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky (179,526 people in 2010) and nearby Yelizovo (38,980).
The Kamchatka peninsula contains the volcanoes of Kamchatka, a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Kamchatka receives up to 2,700 mm (110 in) of precipitation per year. The summers are moderately cool, and the winters tend to be rather stormy though rarely producing lightning.


Contents [[/color]hide] [/color]
1Geography[/size][/font][/size]
1.1Climate[/size][/font][/size]
1.2Geology, earthquakes and volcanoes[/size][/font][/size]
[/li][/list]
2History and exploration[/size][/font][/size]
3Terrestrial flora[/size][/font][/size]
4Terrestrial and aquatic fauna[/size][/font][/size]
5See also[/size][/font][/size]
6References[/size][/font][/size]
7Further reading[/size][/font][/size]
8External links[/size][/font][/size]
[/list]
Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky[/size][/size][/size]
Climate chart (explanation)[/size][/size][/size]
[/size]
JFMAMJJASOND


 
 
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−6−11

 
 
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0−4

 
 
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Average max. and min. temperatures in °C[/size][/size][/size][/size]
Precipitation totals in mm[/size][/size][/size][/size]
Source: [4][/size][/i][/size][/size][/size][/color]
[/t]
[/size]
[show]Imperial conversion[/size][/size][/size][/size][/t]
Klyuchi[/size][/size][/size]
Climate chart (explanation)[/size][/size][/size]
[/size]
JFMAMJJASOND


 
 
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Average max. and min. temperatures in °C[/size][/size][/size][/size]
Precipitation totals in mm[/size][/size][/size][/size]
Source: [5][/size][/i][/size][/size][/size][/color]
[/t]
[/size]
[show]Imperial conversion[/size][/size][/size][/size][/t]
The interior valley of the Kamchatka River, represented by Klyuchi, has much lower precipitation (at around 450 to 650 millimetres (18 to 26 in)) and significantly more continental temperatures, reaching 19 °C (66 °F) on a typical summer day and during extreme cold winter spells falling as low as −41 °C (−42 °F). Sporadic permafrost prevails over the lower part of this valley, but it becomes more widespread at higher altitudes and glaciers, and continuous permafrost prevails north of 55˚N.
The summer months, when maximum temperatures range from 15 to 20 °C (59 to 68 °F), are popular with tourists, but a growing trend in winter sports keeps tourism pulsing year-round. The volcanoes and glaciers play a role in forming Kamchatka's climate, and hot springs have kept alive dozens of species decimated during the last ice-age.[/size][6][/size]Geology, earthquakes and volcanoes[edit][/size]

The lake-filled Akademia Naukcaldera, seen here from the north withKarymsky volcano in the foreground.[/size]UNESCO World Heritage Site[/b][/size][/size][/size]
Volcanoes of Kamchatka[/size]
[size=0px]Name as inscribed on the World Heritage List[/size][/size][/size][/size]


Koryaksky Volcano rising above Petropavlovsk-Kamchatskiy[/t][/c][/size][/size][/size][/color]
Type[/t]Natural
Criteria[/t]vii, viii, ix, x
Reference[/t]765
[size=0px]UNESCO region[/size][/t]Asia[/size][/size][/color]
Inscription history[/t][/color][/color]
Inscription[/t]1996 (20th Session)
Extensions[/t]2001
Main article: Volcanoes of KamchatkaThe Kamchatka River and the surrounding central side valley are flanked by large volcanic belts containing around 160 volcanoes, 29 of them still active. The peninsula has a high density of volcanoes and associated volcanic phenomena, with 19 active volcanoes included in the six UNESCO World Heritage List sites in the Volcanoes of Kamchatka group, most of them on the Kamchatka Peninsula, the most volcanic area of the Eurasian continent, with many active cones. The Kamchatka Peninsula is also known as the "land of fire and ice".[7][/size]
The highest volcano is Klyuchevskaya Sopka (4,750 m or 15,584 ft), the largest active volcano in the Northern Hemisphere,[/size][8][/size] while the most striking is Kronotsky: volcanologists Robert and Barbara Decker regard its perfect cone as a prime candidate for the world's most beautiful volcano.[/size][citation needed[/i]][/size] Somewhat more accessible are the three volcanoes visible from Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky: Koryaksky, Avachinsky, and Kozelsky. In the center of Kamchatka is Eurasia's world-famous[/size][weasel words[/i]][/size] Geyser Valley which was partly destroyed by a massive mudslide in June 2007.[/size][9][/size]
Owing to the Kuril-Kamchatka Trench, deep-focus seismic events and tsunamis occur fairly commonly. A pair of megathrust earthquakes occurred off the coast on October 16, 1737, and on November 4, 1952, with magnitudes of ~9.3 and 8.2 respectively.[/size][10][/size] A chain of more shallow earthquakes were recorded as recently as April 2006.[/size][11][/size]
These volcanic features are the site of occurrence of certain extremophile micro-organisms that can survive in extremely hot environments.[/size][12][/size]History and exploration[edit][/font][/size][/font]

Illustration from Stepan Krasheninnikov's Account of the Land of Kamchatka (1755)

Three Brothers rocks in the Avacha Bay
See also: Russian explorersWhen the Russian explorer Ivan Moskvitin reached the Sea of Okhotsk in 1639, further exploration was impeded by the lack of skills and equipment to build sea-going ships and by the harsh land to the northeast inhabited by the warlike Koryak people. Consequently, Russians entered Kamchatka from the north. In 1651, after having assisted in the foundation of the Anadyrsk ostrog, the explorer Mikhail Stadukhin went south and followed the coast of the Sea of Okhotsk from Penzhina Bay to Okhotsk. From about 1667 there were reports of a Kamchatka River to the south. Some time before 1700 a group of Russians were stranded and died on Kamchatka.
In 1695 explorer Vladimir Atlasov became commander of Anadyrsk. In 1696 he sent the Cossack Luka Morozko south. Morozko got as far as the Tigil River and returned with reports and some mysterious writings, probably Japanese. In 1697–1699 Atlasov explored nearly the whole of the peninsula. He built an ostrog at Verkhny-Kamchatsk, rescued or captured a Japanese castaway, and went to Moscow to report. In 1699 the Russians at Verkhny-Kamchatsk were killed on their way back to Anadyrsk by the Koryaks. In 1700 a punitive expedition destroyed a Koryak village and founded Nizhne-Kamchatsk on the lower river. Bolskeretsk was founded in 1703. From about 1705 there was a breakdown of order. There were numerous mutinies and native wars all over the peninsula and north to the Koryak country of the Penzhina River and Olyutorsky Gulf. Several people were sent out to restore order, including Atlasov, who was murdered in 1711. Vasily Merlin restored some degree of order between 1733 and 1739. There was no significant resistance after 1756. A major smallpox epidemic that hit in 1768–1769 quickly decimated the native population; the roughly 2,500 Itelmens present in 1773 were reduced to 1,900 in 1820, from an original population of 12,000–25,000. Those who survived adopted Russian customs, and there was a great deal of intermarriage, such that "Kamchadal" (the original Russian name for the Itelmens) came to mean any Russian or part-Russian born on the peninsula.
In 1713 Peter the Great sent shipbuilders to Okhotsk. A fifty-four-foot boat was built and sailed to the Tegil River in June 1716. This one-week journey, later redirected to Okhotsk-Bolseretsk, became the standard route to Kamchatka. In 1720 Ivan Yevreinov mapped Kamchatka and the Kurils. The Danish-born explorer Vitus Bering left Nezhe-Kamchatsk for his first voyage in 1728 and, as part of his second voyage, foundedPetropavlovsk-Kamchatsky in 1740.

Temple of the Sacred Trinity in Petropavlovsk-KamchatskyVitus Bering's Second Kamchatka Expedition (ca 1733-1743), in the service of the Russian Navy, began the final "opening" of Kamchatka, helped by the fact that the government began to use the area to exile people, famously the Slovak explorer and rebel the Count de Benyovszky in 1770. In 1755 Stepan Krasheninnikov published the first detailed description of the peninsula, An Account of the Land of Kamchatka. The Russian government encouraged the commercial activities of the Russian-American Company by granting land to newcomers on the peninsula. By 1812 the indigenous population had fallen to less than 3,200 while the Russian population had risen to 2,500.
In 1854 the French and British, who were battling Russian forces in the course of the Crimean War, attacked Petropavlovsk. During the Siege of Petropavlovsk, 988 men with a mere 68 guns managed to defend the outpost against 6 ships with 206 guns and 2,540 French and British soldiers. Despite the heroic defense, the Russians abandoned Petropavlovsk as a strategic liability after the French and British forces withdrew. The next year, when a second enemy force came to attack the port, they found it deserted. Frustrated, the ships bombarded the city and withdrew.
On May 21, 1865, the American Civil War came to the area: the Confederate States Navy steamer Shenandoah sailed past the southern end of the Kamchatka Peninsula on its way to hunt United States whaling ships in the Sea of Okhotsk. As a commerce raider, the CSS Shenandoah aimed to destroy Yankee merchant shipping and thus draw off United States Navy ships in pursuit and thereby loosen the US Navy blockade of Confederate coasts. The ship spent almost three weeks in the Sea, destroying only one ship because of the dangerous ice, before moving on to the North Pacific where it virtually destroyed the North Pacific whaling fleet, capturing 24 whalers and sinking most of them.
The next fifty years were lean ones for Kamchatka. The naval port moved to Ust-Amur, and in 1867 Russia sold Alaska to the United States, making Petropavlovsk obsolete as a transit point for traders and explorers on their way to the American territories. In 1860, a Primorsky (Maritime) Region was established[[/color]citation needed][/size] and Kamchatka was placed under its jurisdiction. In 1875 Russia ceded the [/color]Kuril Islands to Japan in return for Russian sovereignty over Sakhalin island. The Russian population of Kamchatka stayed at around 2,500 until the turn of the century, while the native population increased to 5,000. During the 19th century, scientific exploration of the peninsula continued, with Karl von Ditmar making an important journey there in 1851–1854.[/color][13]
[/color]World War II (1939-1945) hardly affected Kamchatka except for its role as a launch site for the invasion of the Kurils in August 1945. After the war the Soviet authorities declared Kamchatka a military zone: it remained closed to Soviet citizens until 1989 and to foreigners until 1990.Terrestrial flora[/color][edit][/size][/font]Kamchatka boasts abundant flora. The variable climate promotes different flora zones where [/color]tundra and muskeg are dominant succeeded by grasses, flowering shrubs and forests of pine, birch, alder and willow. The wide variety of plant forms spread throughout the Peninsula promotes just as wide a variation in animal species that feed off them. Although Kamchatka is mostly tundra, deciduous and coniferous trees are abundant and forests can be found throughout the peninsula.Terrestrial and aquatic fauna[/color][edit][/size][/font]

[/color]A Kamchatka brown bear in the spring

Kamchatka Peninsula surrounded by algal bloom in 2013Kamchatka boasts diverse and abundant wildlife. This is due to climates ranging from temperate to subarctic, diverse topography and geography, many free-flowing rivers, proximity to highly productive waters from the northwestern Pacific Ocean and the Bering and Okhotsk Seas, and to the low human density and minimal development. It also boasts the southernmost expanse of Arctic tundra in the world. Commercial exploitation of marine resources and a history of fur trapping has taken its toll on several species.
Kamchatka is famous for the abundance and size of its brown bears. In the Kronotsky Nature Preserve there are estimated to be three to four bears per 100 square kilometres.[/color][14] Other fauna of note include carnivores such as [/color]tundra wolf (Canis lupus albus), Arctic fox (Vulpes lagopus) Anadyr fox (Vulpes vulpes beringiana), East Siberian lynx (Lynx lynx wrangeli), wolverine (Gulo gulo), sable (Martes zibellina), Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra), East Siberian stoat (Mustela ermine kaneii) and Siberian least weasel (Mustela nivalis pygmaea). The peninsula hosts habitat for several large ungulates including the Kamchatka snow sheep,reindeer (Rangifer tarandus), and Chukotka moose (Alces alces burulini) one of the largest moose in the world and the largest in Eurasia; and rodents/leporids, including mountain hare (Lepus timidus), marmot, and several species of lemming and squirrel. The peninsula is the breeding ground for Steller's sea eagle,[/color][15] one of the largest eagle species, along with the [/color]golden eagle and gyr falcon.
Kamchatka contains probably the world's greatest diversity of salmonid fish, including all six species of anadromous Pacific salmon (chinook, chum, coho, seema, pink, and sockeye). Due to its uniquely suitable environment, biologists estimate that a fifth of all Pacific salmon originates in Kamchatka.[/color][16] [/color]Kuril Lake is recognized as the biggest spawning-ground for sockeye in Eurasia.[/color][17] In response to pressure from poaching and to worldwide decreases in salmon stocks, some 24,000 square kilometres (9,300 sq mi) along nine of the more productive salmon rivers are in the process of being set aside as a nature preserve. Stickleback species, particularly [/color]Gasterosteus aculeatus and Pungitius pungitius, also occur in many coastal drainages, and are likely present in freshwater as well.
Cetaceans that frequent the highly productive waters of the northwestern Pacific and the Okhotsk Sea include: orcas, Dall's and harbor porpoises, humpback whales, sperm whales and fin whales. Less frequently, gray whales (from the eastern population), the critically endangered North Pacific right whale and bowhead whale, beaked whales and minke whales are encountered. Blue whale are known to feed off of the southeastern shelf in summer. Among pinnipeds, Steller's sea lions, northern fur seals, spotted seals and harbor seals are abundant along much of the peninsula. Further north, walruses and bearded seals can be encountered on the Pacific side, and ribbon seals reproduce on the ice of Karaginsky Bay. Sea otters are concentrated primarily on the southern end of the peninsula.
Seabirds include northern fulmars, thick and thin-billed murres, kittiwakes, tufted and horned puffins, red-faced, pelagic and other cormorants, and many other species. Typical of the northern seas, the marine fauna is likewise rich. Of commercial importance are Kamchatka crab (king crab), scallop, squid, pollock, cod, herring, halibut and several species of flatfish.See also[/color][edit][/size][/font][/color]Korean Air Lines Flight 007[/size][/size][/color]
Maritime fur trade


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        Kamchatka Peninsula

        From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia



        "Kamchatka" redirects here. For other uses, see Kamchatka (disambiguation).[/size]Kamchatka Peninsula[/font][/size]
        полуо́стров Камча́тка[/font][/size]

        Kamchatka Peninsula in the far east of Russia. The pink area is the Kamchatka Krai which includes some of the mainland to the north.[/size][/font][/size]
        Geography
        Location[/t]Far East[/color]
        Coordinates[/t]57°N 160°E[/font][/size][/color]
        Coordinates: 57°N 160°E[/size][/size][/size][/font][/size]
        Area[/t]270,000 km2 (100,000 sq mi)[/color]
        Highest elevation[/t]4,750 m (15,580 ft)[/color]
        Highest point[/t]Klyuchevskaya Sopka[/color]
        Sovereign states

        Russia[/b][/size][/font][/size]
        Federal subject[/t]Kamchatka Krai[/color]Geography

[edit][/font][/size][/font]

Topography of the Kamchatka Peninsula





Views of Kamchatka from space in early summer (left) and late winter (right). Note the sea ice paralleling the coastline.Politically, the peninsula forms part of Kamchatka Krai. The southern tip is called Cape Lopatka. The circular bay to the north of this on the Pacific side is Avacha Bay with the capital, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. North up the Pacific side, the four peninsulas are called Shipunsky Point, Kronotsky Point, Kamchatsky Point and Ozernoy Point. North of Ozernoy is the large Karaginsky Bay, which features Karaginsky Island. Northeast of this (off the displayed map) lies Korfa Bay with the town of Tilichiki. On the opposite side is the Shelikhov Gulf.
The Kamchatka or Central (Sredinny) Range forms the spine of the peninsula. Along the southeast coast runs the Vostochny or Eastern Range. Between these lies the central valley. The Kamchatka River rises northwest of Avacha and flows north down the central valley, turning east near Klyuchi to enter the Pacific south of Kamchatsky Point at Ust-Kamchatsk. In the nineteenth century a trail led west from near Klychi over the mountains to the Tegil river and town which was the main trading post on the west coast. North of Tegil is Koryak Okrug. South of the Tegil is the Icha River. Just south of the headwaters of the Kamchatka, the Bistraya River curves southwest to enter the Sea of Okhotsk at Bolsheretsk, which once served as a port connecting the peninsula to Okhotsk. South of the Bistraya flows the Golygina River.
There is a road from Bolsheretsk to Petropavlovsk and another from this road up the central valley (with a bus service) to Ust-Kamchatsk. The northern end of the road is of poorer quality. Apart from the two roads, transport is by small plane, helicopter, four-wheel drive truck and army truck.
The obvious circular area in the central valley is the Klyuchevskaya Sopka, an isolated volcanic group southeast of the curve of the Kamchatka River. West of Kronotsky Point is theKronotsky Biosphere Reserve with the Valley of Geysers. At the southern tip is the Southern Kamchatka Wildlife Refuge with Kurile Lake. There are several other protected areas: Palana is located in the Koryak area on the northwest coast.[/size]Climate[edit][/size]Although Kamchatka lies at similar latitudes to Great Britain, cold arctic winds from Siberia combined with the cold Oyashio sea current see the peninsula covered in snow from October to late May. Under the Köppen climate classification Kamchatka generally has a subarctic climate (Dfc) but higher and more northerly areas have a polar climate (ET). Kamchatka is much wetter and milder than eastern Siberia, and is essentially transitional from the hypercontinental climate of Siberia and northeast China to the rain-drenched subpolar oceanic climate of the Aleutian Islands.

Opala volcano in the southern part of Kamchatka.There is considerable variation, however, between the rain-drenched and heavily glaciated east coast and the drier and more continental interior valley. In the heavily glaciated Kronotsky Peninsula, where maritime influences are most pronounced, annual precipitation can reach as high as 2,500 millimetres (98 in), whilst the southeast coast south of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky generally receives around 1,350 millimetres (53 in) of rainfall equivalent per year. Considerable local variations exist: southern parts of the Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky metropolitan area can receive as much as 430 millimetres (17 in) more than the northern part of the city. Temperatures here are very mild, with summer maxima no higher than 15 °C (59 °F) and winter lows around −8 °C (18 °F), whilst diurnal temperature ranges seldom exceed 5˚C (9˚F) due to persistent fog on exposed parts of the coast. South of 57˚N there is no permafrost due to the relatively mild winters and heavy snow cover, whilst northward discontinuous permafrost prevails. The west coastal plain has a similar climate, though rather drier with precipitation ranging from 880 millimetres (35 in) in the south to as little as 430 millimetres (17 in) in the north, where winter temperatures become considerably colder at around −20 °C (−4 °F).[/size][/size][/size]
Capital and largest city[/t]Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky[/color]
Demographics
Population[/t]322,079The Kamchatka Peninsula ([/color]Russian: полуо́стров Камча́тка, Poluostrov Kamchatka) is a 1,250-kilometre-long (780 mi) peninsula in the Russian Far East, with an area of about 270,000 km2 (100,000 sq mi).[/color][1] It lies between the [/color]Pacific Ocean to the east and the Sea of Okhotsk to the west.[/color][2] Immediately offshore along the Pacific coast of the peninsula runs the 10,500-metre (34,400-ft) deep [/color]Kuril–Kamchatka Trench.
The Kamchatka Peninsula, the Commander Islands, and Karaginsky Island constitute the Kamchatka Krai of the Russian Federation. The vast majority of the 322,079 inhabitants are ethnic Russians, but there are also about 13,000 Koryaks (2014).[/color][3] More than half of the population lives in [/color]Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky (179,526 people in 2010) and nearby Yelizovo (38,980).
The Kamchatka peninsula contains the volcanoes of Kamchatka, a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Kamchatka receives up to 2,700 mm (110 in) of precipitation per year. The summers are moderately cool, and the winters tend to be rather stormy though rarely producing lightning.


Contents [[/color]hide] [/color]

    1Geography[/size][/font][/size]
        1.1Climate[/size][/font][/size]
        1.2Geology, earthquakes and volcanoes[/size][/font][/size]

[/li][/list]

    2History and exploration[/size][/font][/size]

    3Terrestrial flora[/size][/font][/size]

    4Terrestrial and aquatic fauna[/size][/font][/size]

    5See also[/size][/font][/size]

    6References[/size][/font][/size]

    7Further reading[/size][/font][/size]

    8External links[/size][/font][/size]

[/list]
Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky[/size][/size][/size]
Climate chart (explanation)[/size][/size][/size]
[/size]
JFMAMJJASOND


 
 
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Average max. and min. temperatures in °C[/size][/size][/size][/size]
Precipitation totals in mm[/size][/size][/size][/size]
Source: [4][/size][/i][/size][/size][/size][/color]
[/t]
[/size]
[show]Imperial conversion[/size][/size][/size][/size][/t]
Klyuchi[/size][/size][/size]
Climate chart (explanation)[/size][/size][/size]
[/size]
JFMAMJJASOND


 
 
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63
 
 
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Average max. and min. temperatures in °C[/size][/size][/size][/size]
Precipitation totals in mm[/size][/size][/size][/size]
Source: [5][/size][/i][/size][/size][/size][/color]
[/t]
[/size]
[show]Imperial conversion[/size][/size][/size][/size][/t]
The interior valley of the Kamchatka River, represented by Klyuchi, has much lower precipitation (at around 450 to 650 millimetres (18 to 26 in)) and significantly more continental temperatures, reaching 19 °C (66 °F) on a typical summer day and during extreme cold winter spells falling as low as −41 °C (−42 °F). Sporadic permafrost prevails over the lower part of this valley, but it becomes more widespread at higher altitudes and glaciers, and continuous permafrost prevails north of 55˚N.
The summer months, when maximum temperatures range from 15 to 20 °C (59 to 68 °F), are popular with tourists, but a growing trend in winter sports keeps tourism pulsing year-round. The volcanoes and glaciers play a role in forming Kamchatka's climate, and hot springs have kept alive dozens of species decimated during the last ice-age.[/size][6][/size]Geology, earthquakes and volcanoes[edit][/size]

The lake-filled Akademia Naukcaldera, seen here from the north withKarymsky volcano in the foreground.[/size]UNESCO World Heritage Site[/b][/size][/size][/size]
Volcanoes of Kamchatka[/size]
[size=0px]Name as inscribed on the World Heritage List[/size][/size][/size][/size]


Koryaksky Volcano rising above Petropavlovsk-Kamchatskiy[/t][/c][/size][/size][/size][/color]
Type[/t]Natural
Criteria[/t]vii, viii, ix, x
Reference[/t]765
[size=0px]UNESCO region[/size][/t]Asia[/size][/size][/color]
Inscription history[/t][/color][/color]
Inscription[/t]1996 (20th Session)
Extensions[/t]2001
Main article: Volcanoes of KamchatkaThe Kamchatka River and the surrounding central side valley are flanked by large volcanic belts containing around 160 volcanoes, 29 of them still active. The peninsula has a high density of volcanoes and associated volcanic phenomena, with 19 active volcanoes included in the six UNESCO World Heritage List sites in the Volcanoes of Kamchatka group, most of them on the Kamchatka Peninsula, the most volcanic area of the Eurasian continent, with many active cones. The Kamchatka Peninsula is also known as the "land of fire and ice".[7][/size]
The highest volcano is Klyuchevskaya Sopka (4,750 m or 15,584 ft), the largest active volcano in the Northern Hemisphere,[/size][8][/size] while the most striking is Kronotsky: volcanologists Robert and Barbara Decker regard its perfect cone as a prime candidate for the world's most beautiful volcano.[/size][citation needed[/i]][/size] Somewhat more accessible are the three volcanoes visible from Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky: Koryaksky, Avachinsky, and Kozelsky. In the center of Kamchatka is Eurasia's world-famous[/size][weasel words[/i]][/size] Geyser Valley which was partly destroyed by a massive mudslide in June 2007.[/size][9][/size]
Owing to the Kuril-Kamchatka Trench, deep-focus seismic events and tsunamis occur fairly commonly. A pair of megathrust earthquakes occurred off the coast on October 16, 1737, and on November 4, 1952, with magnitudes of ~9.3 and 8.2 respectively.[/size][10][/size] A chain of more shallow earthquakes were recorded as recently as April 2006.[/size][11][/size]
These volcanic features are the site of occurrence of certain extremophile micro-organisms that can survive in extremely hot environments.[/size][12][/size]History and exploration[edit][/font][/size][/font]

Illustration from Stepan Krasheninnikov's Account of the Land of Kamchatka (1755)

Three Brothers rocks in the Avacha Bay
See also: Russian explorersWhen the Russian explorer Ivan Moskvitin reached the Sea of Okhotsk in 1639, further exploration was impeded by the lack of skills and equipment to build sea-going ships and by the harsh land to the northeast inhabited by the warlike Koryak people. Consequently, Russians entered Kamchatka from the north. In 1651, after having assisted in the foundation of the Anadyrsk ostrog, the explorer Mikhail Stadukhin went south and followed the coast of the Sea of Okhotsk from Penzhina Bay to Okhotsk. From about 1667 there were reports of a Kamchatka River to the south. Some time before 1700 a group of Russians were stranded and died on Kamchatka.
In 1695 explorer Vladimir Atlasov became commander of Anadyrsk. In 1696 he sent the Cossack Luka Morozko south. Morozko got as far as the Tigil River and returned with reports and some mysterious writings, probably Japanese. In 1697–1699 Atlasov explored nearly the whole of the peninsula. He built an ostrog at Verkhny-Kamchatsk, rescued or captured a Japanese castaway, and went to Moscow to report. In 1699 the Russians at Verkhny-Kamchatsk were killed on their way back to Anadyrsk by the Koryaks. In 1700 a punitive expedition destroyed a Koryak village and founded Nizhne-Kamchatsk on the lower river. Bolskeretsk was founded in 1703. From about 1705 there was a breakdown of order. There were numerous mutinies and native wars all over the peninsula and north to the Koryak country of the Penzhina River and Olyutorsky Gulf. Several people were sent out to restore order, including Atlasov, who was murdered in 1711. Vasily Merlin restored some degree of order between 1733 and 1739. There was no significant resistance after 1756. A major smallpox epidemic that hit in 1768–1769 quickly decimated the native population; the roughly 2,500 Itelmens present in 1773 were reduced to 1,900 in 1820, from an original population of 12,000–25,000. Those who survived adopted Russian customs, and there was a great deal of intermarriage, such that "Kamchadal" (the original Russian name for the Itelmens) came to mean any Russian or part-Russian born on the peninsula.
In 1713 Peter the Great sent shipbuilders to Okhotsk. A fifty-four-foot boat was built and sailed to the Tegil River in June 1716. This one-week journey, later redirected to Okhotsk-Bolseretsk, became the standard route to Kamchatka. In 1720 Ivan Yevreinov mapped Kamchatka and the Kurils. The Danish-born explorer Vitus Bering left Nezhe-Kamchatsk for his first voyage in 1728 and, as part of his second voyage, foundedPetropavlovsk-Kamchatsky in 1740.

Temple of the Sacred Trinity in Petropavlovsk-KamchatskyVitus Bering's Second Kamchatka Expedition (ca 1733-1743), in the service of the Russian Navy, began the final "opening" of Kamchatka, helped by the fact that the government began to use the area to exile people, famously the Slovak explorer and rebel the Count de Benyovszky in 1770. In 1755 Stepan Krasheninnikov published the first detailed description of the peninsula, An Account of the Land of Kamchatka. The Russian government encouraged the commercial activities of the Russian-American Company by granting land to newcomers on the peninsula. By 1812 the indigenous population had fallen to less than 3,200 while the Russian population had risen to 2,500.
In 1854 the French and British, who were battling Russian forces in the course of the Crimean War, attacked Petropavlovsk. During the Siege of Petropavlovsk, 988 men with a mere 68 guns managed to defend the outpost against 6 ships with 206 guns and 2,540 French and British soldiers. Despite the heroic defense, the Russians abandoned Petropavlovsk as a strategic liability after the French and British forces withdrew. The next year, when a second enemy force came to attack the port, they found it deserted. Frustrated, the ships bombarded the city and withdrew.
On May 21, 1865, the American Civil War came to the area: the Confederate States Navy steamer Shenandoah sailed past the southern end of the Kamchatka Peninsula on its way to hunt United States whaling ships in the Sea of Okhotsk. As a commerce raider, the CSS Shenandoah aimed to destroy Yankee merchant shipping and thus draw off United States Navy ships in pursuit and thereby loosen the US Navy blockade of Confederate coasts. The ship spent almost three weeks in the Sea, destroying only one ship because of the dangerous ice, before moving on to the North Pacific where it virtually destroyed the North Pacific whaling fleet, capturing 24 whalers and sinking most of them.
The next fifty years were lean ones for Kamchatka. The naval port moved to Ust-Amur, and in 1867 Russia sold Alaska to the United States, making Petropavlovsk obsolete as a transit point for traders and explorers on their way to the American territories. In 1860, a Primorsky (Maritime) Region was established[[/color]citation needed][/size] and Kamchatka was placed under its jurisdiction. In 1875 Russia ceded the [/color]Kuril Islands to Japan in return for Russian sovereignty over Sakhalin island. The Russian population of Kamchatka stayed at around 2,500 until the turn of the century, while the native population increased to 5,000. During the 19th century, scientific exploration of the peninsula continued, with Karl von Ditmar making an important journey there in 1851–1854.[/color][13]
[/color]World War II (1939-1945) hardly affected Kamchatka except for its role as a launch site for the invasion of the Kurils in August 1945. After the war the Soviet authorities declared Kamchatka a military zone: it remained closed to Soviet citizens until 1989 and to foreigners until 1990.Terrestrial flora[/color][edit][/size][/font]Kamchatka boasts abundant flora. The variable climate promotes different flora zones where [/color]tundra and muskeg are dominant succeeded by grasses, flowering shrubs and forests of pine, birch, alder and willow. The wide variety of plant forms spread throughout the Peninsula promotes just as wide a variation in animal species that feed off them. Although Kamchatka is mostly tundra, deciduous and coniferous trees are abundant and forests can be found throughout the peninsula.Terrestrial and aquatic fauna[/color][edit][/size][/font]

[/color]A Kamchatka brown bear in the spring

Kamchatka Peninsula surrounded by algal bloom in 2013Kamchatka boasts diverse and abundant wildlife. This is due to climates ranging from temperate to subarctic, diverse topography and geography, many free-flowing rivers, proximity to highly productive waters from the northwestern Pacific Ocean and the Bering and Okhotsk Seas, and to the low human density and minimal development. It also boasts the southernmost expanse of Arctic tundra in the world. Commercial exploitation of marine resources and a history of fur trapping has taken its toll on several species.
Kamchatka is famous for the abundance and size of its brown bears. In the Kronotsky Nature Preserve there are estimated to be three to four bears per 100 square kilometres.[/color][14] Other fauna of note include carnivores such as [/color]tundra wolf (Canis lupus albus), Arctic fox (Vulpes lagopus) Anadyr fox (Vulpes vulpes beringiana), East Siberian lynx (Lynx lynx wrangeli), wolverine (Gulo gulo), sable (Martes zibellina), Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra), East Siberian stoat (Mustela ermine kaneii) and Siberian least weasel (Mustela nivalis pygmaea). The peninsula hosts habitat for several large ungulates including the Kamchatka snow sheep,reindeer (Rangifer tarandus), and Chukotka moose (Alces alces burulini) one of the largest moose in the world and the largest in Eurasia; and rodents/leporids, including mountain hare (Lepus timidus), marmot, and several species of lemming and squirrel. The peninsula is the breeding ground for Steller's sea eagle,[/color][15] one of the largest eagle species, along with the [/color]golden eagle and gyr falcon.
Kamchatka contains probably the world's greatest diversity of salmonid fish, including all six species of anadromous Pacific salmon (chinook, chum, coho, seema, pink, and sockeye). Due to its uniquely suitable environment, biologists estimate that a fifth of all Pacific salmon originates in Kamchatka.[/color][16] [/color]Kuril Lake is recognized as the biggest spawning-ground for sockeye in Eurasia.[/color][17] In response to pressure from poaching and to worldwide decreases in salmon stocks, some 24,000 square kilometres (9,300 sq mi) along nine of the more productive salmon rivers are in the process of being set aside as a nature preserve. Stickleback species, particularly [/color]Gasterosteus aculeatus and Pungitius pungitius, also occur in many coastal drainages, and are likely present in freshwater as well.
Cetaceans that frequent the highly productive waters of the northwestern Pacific and the Okhotsk Sea include: orcas, Dall's and harbor porpoises, humpback whales, sperm whales and fin whales. Less frequently, gray whales (from the eastern population), the critically endangered North Pacific right whale and bowhead whale, beaked whales and minke whales are encountered. Blue whale are known to feed off of the southeastern shelf in summer. Among pinnipeds, Steller's sea lions, northern fur seals, spotted seals and harbor seals are abundant along much of the peninsula. Further north, walruses and bearded seals can be encountered on the Pacific side, and ribbon seals reproduce on the ice of Karaginsky Bay. Sea otters are concentrated primarily on the southern end of the peninsula.
Seabirds include northern fulmars, thick and thin-billed murres, kittiwakes, tufted and horned puffins, red-faced, pelagic and other cormorants, and many other species. Typical of the northern seas, the marine fauna is likewise rich. Of commercial importance are Kamchatka crab (king crab), scallop, squid, pollock, cod, herring, halibut and several species of flatfish.See also[/color][edit][/size][/font][/color]Korean Air Lines Flight 007[/size][/size][/color]

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He didn't start any of the wars that he partook in, wasn't a crazed lunatic with a guillotine fetish, supported new infrastructure like canals, etc.

I've heard people say things like, "He didn't support women's rights" and "He had a lot political prisoners", but that's something so common for that period in Europe that it seems absolutely meaningless.

Is it just because it's cool to make him seem like a tiny angry man in popular media?